睡眠不足的危险科学家发现，偶尔熬夜不太可能对你造成太大伤害，但长期睡眠不足会对你的健康产生严重影响。 The odd disturbed night isn’t likely to do you much harm but chronic sleep deprivation can have a serious impact on your health, as scientists are now discovering…
交通事故在昏昏欲睡的时候开车会减缓你的反应速度，就像酒后开车一样。根据官方数据，疲劳是美国每年10万起车祸的原因之一。 Driving while drowsy can slow your reaction times as much as drunk driving. Fatigue is a cause in 100,000 car crashes a year in the US, according to official figures.
工作表现下降睡眠不足会损害认知功能——影响注意力、警觉性、注意力集中、推理和解决问题的能力。如果想升职加薪，从好好睡觉开始吧! Lack of sleep impairs cognitive functioning – affecting attention, alertness, concentration, reasoning and problem solving skills. If you want that promotion, get more sleep!
学习成绩不佳波士顿TIMSS和PIRLS国际研究中心的研究人员比较了全世界儿童的平均睡眠时间。儿童睡眠时间较多的国家在数学、科学和阅读方面得分较高。 Researchers at the TIMSS and PIRLS International Study Center, Boston, compared how much sleep children had, on average, across the world. Countries where children had more sleep achieved higher in maths, science and reading.
记忆衰退大脑在不同的睡眠周期中巩固记忆。如果你没有得到足够的睡眠，就很可能导致白天记忆力衰退。 The brain consolidates memories during its various sleep cycles. If you don’t get enough sleep, you’re less likely to remember what you revised during the day.
严重健康风险长期睡眠不足或睡眠紊乱会增加心脏病发作、心力衰竭、心律不齐、高血压、中风、糖尿病和癌症的风险。 Chronic sleep loss or sleep disorders increase your risk of heart attacks, heart failure, irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure, stroke, diabetes and cancer.
死亡率升高2007年发表的“白厅II号研究”显示，每晚睡眠时间不超过5小时的男性，死于各种疾病的风险几乎翻了一番，尤其是心血管疾病。 Men who slept for five hours or less a night nearly doubled their risk of death from all causes, in particular cardiovascular disease, according to the “Whitehall II Study,” published in 2007.
体重超标根据哈佛大学的研究，每晚睡6个小时的女性超重的可能性会升高12%(如果只睡5个小时，这一概率会增加到32%)。 Women who sleep for six hours a night are 12 percent more likely to be 13kg (30lbs) overweight (get just five hours’ sleep and it goes up to 32 percent), according to Harvard University research.
暴食瑞典研究人员称，如果你睡眠不足，你更有可能选择高热量的食物，这可能会导致体重增加。 If you don’t get enough shut-eye you’re more likely to choose high-calorie foods, potentially leading to weight gain, according to researchers in Sweden.
不孕不育许多研究已经发现睡眠不足和不孕之间的联系——这并不奇怪，因为80%的排卵发生在午夜到凌晨4点之间。 Many studies have found a link between sleep deprivation and infertility – not so surprising given that 80 percent of ovulation occurs between midnight and 4am.
月经不调根据1997年的一项研究，超过一半的夜班护士经历了月经的变化(包括不规则的月经周期)。 More than half of nurses who worked through the night experienced menstrual changes (including irregular cycles), according to one 1997 study.
精神问题睡眠不足与精神病和双相情感障碍等精神疾病有关。2007年一项对1万人进行的研究发现，失眠患者患抑郁症的可能性是正常人的5倍，而哈佛大学(Harvard University)的研究人员发现，睡眠不足会导致大脑无法正确看待情绪事件。 Sleep deprivation has been linked to mental illness including psychosis and bipolar disorder. A 2007 study of 10,000 people found that those who suffered with insomnia were five times more likely to develop depression as those who did not, while Harvard University researchers found sleep deprivation renders the brain incapable of putting an emotional event into perspective.
性欲降低2002年发表在《临床内分泌与代谢杂志》(Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism)上的一项研究表明，缺乏睡眠会降低性欲，患有睡眠呼吸暂停综合症的男性睾丸激素水平较低。 Sleep deprivation lowers libido and men with sleep apnea have low testosterone levels according to a 2002 study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
皱纹当你睡眠不足时，你的身体会释放更多的压力荷尔蒙皮质醇。这会分保持皮肤光滑和紧致的胶原蛋白，从而导致皱纹。 When you don’t get enough sleep your body releases more of the stress hormone cortisol. This breaks down collagen, the protein that keeps skin smooth and firm, leading to wrinkles.
妨碍器官修复在睡眠中，身体会释放生长激素，促进儿童的生长，帮助增加肌肉质量，使皮肤变厚，增强骨骼。如果你没有得到足够的睡眠，日常组织的磨损和撕裂将无法得到应有的修复。 During sleep the body releases growth hormone – which promotes growth in children and helps increase muscle mass, thicken skin and strengthen bones in adulthood. If you don’t get enough sleep, everyday wear and tear of tissue won’t get repaired as it should.
基因紊乱据英国睡眠研究中心的科学家介绍，晚上不睡觉会让身体在分子层次上陷入“混乱”，对身体产生深远的影响，从荷尔蒙、情绪到大脑功能的方方面面都会发生变化。 Staying awake at night throws the body "into chaos" at the deepest molecular level and has a profound effect on the body, altering everything from hormones and mood to brain function according to British Scientists at the Sleep Research Centre.
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